Kejadian 13:3

13:3 And he journeyed from place to place ¹  from the Negev as far as Bethel. ²  He returned ³  to the place where he had pitched his tent ⁴  at the beginning, between Bethel and Ai.

Kejadian 28:11

28:11 He reached a certain place ⁵  where he decided to camp because the sun had gone down. ⁶  He took one of the stones ⁷  and placed it near his head. ⁸  Then he fell asleep ⁹  in that place

Kejadian 28:19

28:19 He called that place Bethel, ¹⁰  although the former name of the town was Luz.

Kejadian 35:1

The Return to Bethel

35:1 Then God said to Jacob, “Go up at once ¹¹  to Bethel ¹²  and live there. Make an altar there to God, who appeared to you when you fled from your brother Esau.” ¹³ 

Kejadian 35:8

35:8 (Deborah, ¹⁴  Rebekah’s nurse, died and was buried under the oak below Bethel; thus it was named ¹⁵  Oak of Weeping.) ¹⁶ 

Kejadian 35:15

35:15 Jacob named the place ¹⁷  where God spoke with him Bethel. ¹⁸ 

Yosua 7:2

7:2 Joshua sent men from Jericho ¹⁹  to Ai (which is located near Beth Aven, east of Bethel ²⁰ ) and instructed them, “Go up and spy on the land.” So the men went up and spied on Ai.

Yosua 8:9

8:9 Joshua sent them away and they went to their hiding place ²¹  west of Ai, between Bethel ²²  and Ai. ²³  Joshua spent that night with the army. ²⁴ 

Yosua 8:1

Israel Conquers Ai

8:1 The Lord told Joshua, “Don’t be afraid and don’t panic! ²⁵  Take the whole army with you and march against Ai! ²⁶  See, I am handing over to you ²⁷  the king of Ai, along with his people, city, and land.

1 Samuel 7:16

7:16 Year after year he used to travel the circuit of Bethel, ²⁸  Gilgal, and Mizpah; he used to judge Israel in all of these places.

1 Samuel 7:1

7:1 Then the people ²⁹  of Kiriath Jearim came and took the ark of the Lord; they brought it to the house of Abinadab located on the hill. They consecrated Eleazar his son to guard the ark of the Lord.

1 Raja-raja 12:29

12:29 He put one in Bethel ³⁰  and the other in Dan.

Hosea 12:5

12:5 As for the Lord God Almighty,

the Lord is the name by which he is remembered! ³¹ 

Amos 3:14

3:14 “Certainly when ³²  I punish Israel for their ³³  covenant transgressions, ³⁴ 

I will destroy ³⁵  Bethel’s ³⁶  altars.

The horns ³⁷  of the altar will be cut off and fall to the ground.

Amos 4:4

Israel has an Appointment with God

4:4 “Go to Bethel ³⁸  and rebel! ³⁹ 

At Gilgal ⁴⁰  rebel some more!

Bring your sacrifices in ⁴¹  the morning,

your tithes on ⁴²  the third day!

[13:3]  ¹ tn Heb “on his journeys”; the verb and noun combination means to pick up the tents and move from camp to camp.

[13:3]  ² map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[13:3]  ³ tn The words “he returned” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[13:3]  ⁴ tn Heb “where his tent had been.”

[28:11]  ⁵ tn Heb “the place.” The article may indicate simply that the place is definite in the mind of the narrator. However, as the story unfolds the place is transformed into a holy place. See A. P. Ross, “Jacob’s Vision: The Founding of Bethel,” BSac 142 (1985): 224-37.

[28:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “and he spent the night there because the sun had gone down.”

[28:11]  ⁷ tn Heb “he took from the stones of the place,” which here means Jacob took one of the stones (see v. 18).

[28:11]  ⁸ tn Heb “and he put [it at] the place of his head.” The text does not actually say the stone was placed under his head to serve as a pillow, although most interpreters and translators assume this. It is possible the stone served some other purpose. Jacob does not seem to have been a committed monotheist yet (see v. 20-21) so he may have believed it contained some spiritual power. Note that later in the story he anticipates the stone becoming the residence of God (see v. 22). Many cultures throughout the world view certain types of stones as magical and/or sacred. See J. G. Fraser, Folklore in the Old Testament, 231-37.

[28:11]  ⁹ tn Heb “lay down.”

[28:19]  ¹⁰ tn The name Bethel means “house of God” in Hebrew (see v. 17).

[28:19]  map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[35:1]  ¹¹ tn Heb “arise, go up.” The first imperative gives the command a sense of urgency.

[35:1]  ¹² map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[35:1]  ¹³ sn God is calling on Jacob to fulfill his vow he made when he fled from…Esau (see Gen 28:20-22).

[35:8]  ¹⁴ sn Deborah. This woman had been Rebekah’s nurse, but later attached herself to Jacob. She must have been about one hundred and eighty years old when she died.

[35:8]  ¹⁵ tn “and he called its name.” There is no expressed subject, so the verb can be translated as passive.

[35:8]  ¹⁶ tn Or “Allon Bacuth,” if one transliterates the Hebrew name (cf. NEB, NIV, NRSV). An oak tree was revered in the ancient world and often designated as a shrine or landmark. This one was named for the weeping (mourning) occasioned by the death of Deborah.

[35:15]  ¹⁷ sn Called the name of the place. In view of the previous naming of Bethel in Gen 28:19, here Jacob was confirming or affirming the name through an official ritual marking the fulfillment of the vow. This place now did become Bethel, the house of God.

[35:15]  ¹⁸ tn The name Bethel means “house of God” in Hebrew.

[35:15]  map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[7:2]  ¹⁹ map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[7:2]  ²⁰ map For the location of Bethel see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[8:9]  ²¹ tn Or “the place of ambush.”

[8:9]  ²² map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[8:9]  ²³ tn Heb “and they stayed between Bethel and Ai, west of Ai.”

[8:9]  ²⁴ tn Heb “in the midst of the people.”

[8:1]  ²⁵ tn Or perhaps “and don’t get discouraged!”

[8:1]  ²⁶ tn Heb “Take with you all the people of war and arise, go up against Ai!”

[8:1]  ²⁷ tn Heb “I have given into our hand.” The verbal form, a perfect, is probably best understood as a perfect of certitude, indicating the certainty of the action.

[7:16]  ²⁸ map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[7:1]  ²⁹ tn Heb “men.”

[12:29]  ³⁰ map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[12:5]  ³¹ tn Heb “[is] his memorial name” (so ASV); TEV “the name by which he is to be worshipped.”

[3:14]  ³² tn Heb “in the day.”

[3:14]  ³³ tn Heb “his.” With the referent “Israel” here, this amounts to a collective singular.

[3:14]  ³⁴ tn Traditionally, “transgressions, sins,” but see the note on the word “crimes” in 1:3.

[3:14]  ³⁵ tn Heb “punish” (so NASB, NRSV).

[3:14]  ³⁶ map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[3:14]  ³⁷ sn The horns of an ancient altar projected upwards from the four corners and resembled an animal’s horns in appearance. Fugitives could seek asylum by grabbing hold of these corners (see Exod 21:14; 1 Kgs 1:50; 2:28). When the altar’s horns were cut off, there would be no place of asylum left for the Lord’s enemies.

[4:4]  ³⁸ sn Bethel and Gilgal were important formal worship centers because of their importance in Israel’s history. Here the Lord ironically urges the people to visit these places so they can increase their sin against him. Their formal worship, because it was not accompanied by social justice, only made them more guilty in God’s sight by adding hypocrisy to their list of sins. Obviously, theirs was a twisted view of the Lord. They worshiped a god of their own creation in order to satisfy their religious impulses (see 4:5: “For you love to do this”). Note that none of the rituals listed in 4:4-5 have to do with sin.

[4:4]  map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[4:4]  ³⁹ tn The Hebrew word translated “rebel” (also in the following line) could very well refer here to Israel’s violations of their covenant with God (see also the term “crimes” in 1:3 [with note] and the phrase “covenant transgressions” in 2:4 [with note]; 3:14).

[4:4]  ⁴⁰ sn See the note on Bethel earlier in this verse.

[4:4]  ⁴¹ tn Or “for.”

[4:4]  ⁴² tn Or “for.”